تقدير الطب الشرعي للعمر السني لدى أطفال شمال الهند باستخدام ثلاث طرق للتقييم الإشعاعي
محتوى المقال
الملخص
على الرغم من الاعتقاد بأن تقدير العمر السني لدى الأطفال هو تقدير موثوق به، فقد أظهر اختلافات في مستويات الدقة وهو ما يشير إلى وجود اختلافات إقليمية. يتمثل الهدف من هذه الورقة العلمية في دراسة حدود الخطأ في طرق نولا (Nolla)، وديميرجيان (Demirjian)، وويليمس (Willems) المُستخدمة لتقدير العمر لدى أطفال شمال الهند.
تم إجراء تحليل لصور شعاعية بانورامية رقمية للأسنان لدى 168 طفلًا تتراوح أعمارهم بين 3 - 15 سنة ليتم استخدامها في الطرق الثلاث المذكورة. وقد تبين أن تقدير العمر السني بطريقة ديميرجيان (Demirjian) هو الأقرب إلى متوسط العمر الزمني، كما اتضح من قيمة (P) في اختبار (paired t-test). وبلغ نطاق الخطأ في طريقتي ويليمس (Willems)
وديميرجيان (Demirjian)± 5 سنوات في ٪87.5 من الحالات التي أظهرت خطأ في نطاق ±2 سنة، في حين بلغ نطاق الخطأ ±6 سنوات في ٪84.5 من الحالات التي أظهرت خطأ في نطاق ±2 سنة باستخدام طريقة نولا (Nolla). وبلغ متوسط الخطأ المطلق في الطرق الثلاث نولا (Nolla) وديميرجيان (Demirjian) وويليمس (Willems) 1.09 و1.10 و 0.97 سنة على التوالي.
كانت طريقة ويليمس (Willems) هي الطريقة الأكثر ملاءمة لتقدير العمر السني لمجتمع الدراسة، على الرغم من عدم تمكن أي من الطرق الثلاث من تقدير أعمار المشاركين في الدراسة بدقة. قد تُعزى الاختلافات الكبيرة في التقديرات العمرية لمجموعات سكانية متنوعة إلى الاختلافات في الأساليب الإحصائية المُستخدمة أو إلى نواحٍ ذات علاقة بالسكان. وبالتالي، فإنه يُقترح مقارنة الطرق الثلاث المذكورة على مجموعات سكانية مختلفة بواسطة نفس الباحث؛ وذلك من أجل الحد من وجود قدر معين من التحيز في نتائج الدراسة.
الكلمات المفتاحية
علوم الأدلة الجنائية، الطب الشرعي، طب الأسنان الشرعي، تقدير العمر، شمال الهند، التقييم الإشعاعي
التنزيلات
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