Characterization of Vermillion and Lipstick Using Thin-Layer Chromatography and Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy With Chemometrics
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Abstract
The study employed Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) to analyze local brands of vermillion and lipstick samples. In TLC, vermillion and lipsticks exhibited notable separation patterns among various brands. The ATR-FTIR spectrum analysis of both vermillion and lipstick samples revealed distinct spectral patterns. After analyzing the FTIR library's cosmetics spectrum, notable similarities were found among compounds like Butyl Stearate, Nonane, and Linoleic Acid. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) categorized by cosmetic type and form revealed significant variance within the datasets. PCA based on cosmetic type explained approximately 83.57% of the total variance, while PCA based on form elucidated about 90% of the variance. Support Vector Machine (SVM) analysis demonstrated high precision and recall for classifying cosmetic types and forms. SVM results showed a precision of 1.00 for both lipstick and vermillion, indicating accurate predictions. Additionally, Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) identified six clusters of data points with shared characteristics. Overall, the study provides valuable insights into the composition and characteristics of vermillion and lipstick samples. The combination of TLC, ATR-FTIR spectrum analysis, PCA, SVM, and HCA offers a comprehensive approach for analyzing cosmetics
Keywords
forensic sciences, trace evidence, cosmetics, vermilion, lipsticks, ATR-FTIR, HCA, PCA, SVM
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