Resilience Level Among Sudanese University Students Exposed to Violence
Article content
Abstract
This study aims to identify the levels of resilience among Sudanese university students exposed to violence. The study employed a mixed design method. The quantitative study used the resilience scale RS-14 and focused group discussion to deepen the understanding of resilience trajectories. The study sample consisted of (209) students. The RS-14 scale showed strong reliability and validity. Exposure to violence was high, as (47%) reported being exposed to at least one episode that lasted for several hours. While resilience level was high among 78% of the sample. No statistically significant correlation was identified between the total score of resilience and violence exposure. However, shorter violence exposure durations were associated with elevated resilience levels.
In conclusion, university mental health services and youth programs require the integration of the positive resilience trajectory in services directed to the youth most exposed to violence
Keywords
Security studies, Violence, Resilience, University Student
Downloads
References
Ahmed, A.M. & El Mardi, A.E. (2005). A study of domestic violence among women attending a medical centre in Sudan. EMHJ - Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 11 (1-2), 164-174, 2005
Allan, J. F., McKenna, J., & Dominey, S. (2014). Degrees of resilience: profiling psychological resilience and prospective academic achievement in university inductees. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 42(1), 9-25.
Badri, A., Crutzen, R., & Van den Borne, H. W. (2017). Anxiety, depression and resilience among war-affected and non-war-affected Sudanese female university students: a comparative study. Archives of Depression and Anxiety, 3(2), 49-54.
Denckla CA, Cicchetti D, Kubzansky LD, Seedat S, Teicher MH, Williams DR, Koenen KC 2020. Psychological resilience: an update on definitions, a critical appraisal, and research recommendations. Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2020 Nov 10;11(1):1822064. doi: 10.1080/20008198.2021.1822064. PMID: 33244362; PMCID: PMC7678676
Eltayeb, S. M. (2021). Understanding social trauma in low-resource settings. In Social Trauma–An Interdisciplinary Textbook (pp. 243-252). Springer, Cham.
Erdogan, E., Ozdogan, O., & Erdogan, M. (2015). University students’ resilience level: The effect of gender and faculty. Procedia-social and behavioral sciences, 186, 1262-1267.
Farrell, C., & Zimmerman, G. M. (2017). Does offending intensify as exposure to violence aggregates? Reconsidering the effects of repeat victimization, types of exposure to violence, and poly-victimization on property crime, violent offending, and substance use. Journal of Criminal Justice, 53, 25-33.
Galagali, P. M., & Brooks, M. J. (2020). Psychological care in low-resource settings for adolescents. Clinical child psychology and psychiatry, 25(3), 698-711.
Gucciardi, D. F., Crane, M., Ntoumanis, N., Parker, S. K., Thøgersen-Ntoumani, C., Ducker, K. J., ... & Temby, P. (2018). The emergence of team resilience: A multilevel conceptual model of facilitating factors. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 91(4), 729-768.
Hamdan-Mansour, A. M., Azzeghaiby, S. N., Alzoghaibi, I. N., Al Badawi, T. H., Nassar, O. S., & Shaheen, A. M. (2014). Correlates of resilience among university students. Am J Nurs Res, 2(4), 74-9.
Hamid, M., Thron, C., & Fageeri, S. (2021). Demographics of Sudanese University Students in Relation to Regional Conflict and Underdevelopment. Social Sciences, 10(3), 89.
Houston, J. B., Spialek, M. L., Cox, J., Greenwood, M. M., & First, J. (2015). The centrality of communication and media in fostering community resilience: A framework for assessment and intervention. American Behavioral Scientist, 59(2), 270-283.
Jok, J. M. (2006). Violence and resilience: women, war and the realities of everyday life in Sudan. The Ahfad Journal, 23(2), 58.
Kohrt, B. A., Hruschka, D. J., Worthman, C. M., Kunz, R. D., Baldwin, J. L., Upadhaya, N., ... & Nepal, M. K. (2012). Political violence and mental health in Nepal: prospective study. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 201(4), 268-275.
Krug, E. G., Mercy, J. A., Dahlberg, L. L., & Zwi, A. B. (2002). The world report on violence and health. The lancet, 360(9339), 1083-1088.
Papadopoulos, R. K. (2007). Refugees, trauma and adversity-activated development. European Journal of Psychotherapy and Counselling, 9(3), 301-312.
Pfefferbaum, R. L., & Klomp, R. W. (2013). Community resilience, disasters, and the public’s health. Community engagement, organization, and development for public health practice, 275-298.
Riley, J. R., & Masten, A. S. (2005). Resilience in context. In Resilience in children, families, and communities (pp. 13-25). Springer, Boston, MA.
Sørbø, G. M. (2010). Local violence and international intervention in Sudan. Review of African Political Economy, 37(124), 173-186.
Southwick, S. M., Bonanno, G. A., Masten, A. S., Panter-Brick, C., & Yehuda, R. (2014). Resilience definitions, theory, and challenges: interdisciplinary perspectives. European journal of psychotraumatology, 5, 10.3402/ejpt.v5.25338. https://doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v5.25338
Tol, W. A., Barbui, C., Galappatti, A., Silove, D., Betancourt, T. S., Souza, R., ... & Van Ommeren, M. (2011). Mental health and psychosocial support in humanitarian settings: linking practice and research. The Lancet, 378(9802), 1581-1591.
Tonkin, K., Malinen, S., NŠswall, K., & Kuntz, J. C. (2018). Building employee resilience through wellbeing in organizations. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 29(2), 107-124.
Woods-Jaeger, B., Siedlik, E., Adams, A., Piper, K., O’Connor, P., & Berkley-Patton, J. (2020). Building a contextually-relevant understanding of resilience among African American youth exposed to community violence. Behavioral medicine, 46(3-4), 330-339.
Article details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
You must read and accept the copyright terms and conditions(click here for copyright terms).