Forensic Analysis of Document Examination Cases at RFSL Dharamshala: Trends, Caseloads, and Criminal Context

Abstract

This paper presents a retrospective analysis of reported cases and examinations conducted by the Document Division of a prominent forensic science laboratory covering six districts in Himachal Pradesh, India, over the five years (2018–2022), additionally, we provide updated data for 2023–2024 limited to case intake and disposal at RFSL Dharamshala to reflect recent forensic case handling trends. The data collection process involved reviewing case files and examination reports to identify commonalities and deviations in cases related to document alterations. The dataset includes information on the types of document alterations, techniques used, and legal provisions applicable to each case. The analysis aims to provide insights into evolving trends in white-collar crimes involving document alterations within the jurisdiction. The dataset's reuse potential lies in its ability to inform future forensic investigations, policy development, and educational initiatives aimed at combating document-related fraudulent activities. This study contributes to the forensic science community's understanding of regional trends in document-related white-collar crimes and underscores the importance of continuous monitoring and adaptation to emerging threats. By elucidating patterns and methods employed by perpetrators, the dataset facilitates the development of proactive strategies for prevention, investigation, and prosecution. The establishment of robust forensic databases is advocated to effectively combat the persistent threat of document-related fraudulent activities. The insights gained from this study are anticipated to guide future forensic investigations and support efforts to address the dynamic nature of document alterations in a rapidly evolving technological landscape.